Adobe and the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act :: Hackers Hacking Computers Technology Essays

Adobe and the 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act 1. The Background. In July of 2001 a Russian programmer Dmitry Sklyarov , an employee of ElcomSoft arrived at DefCon9 hacker conference which was held in Alexis Park Hotel in Las Vegas. DefCon conferences were designed for hackers from around the world to meet in Las Vegas and display their skills, while checking the innovations and techniques of other hackers (www.defcon.com). ElcomSoft is a privately owned software development company with headquarters in Moscow, Russia which specializes in Password Recovery software, Advanced Disk catalog, Advanced Registry Tracker and E-Book Processing software. (note: the e-book processing software is still advertised on the company's website: www.elcomsoft.com). Dmitry Sklyarov gave a speech, titled "eBooks security - theory and practice" about ElcomSoft's software which was designed to crack protections on Adobe Systems' eBooks. Here is what the software was doing: "Advanced eBook Inscriber, or simply AEBIN, is a program to convert Sealed eBooks in Microsoft Reader (.LIT) format to Inscribed ones. Sealed eBooks can be created with Microsoft Reader Content SDK (available for free) or various 3rd party tools; AEBIN allows to add any purchaser-specific information (such as purchaser's name or order number) to the Sealed eBook, so that information will be shown on the cover page of the book when it is opened in Microsoft Reader. This reinforces honest usage by consumers." 1. Adobe charged Sklyarov and ElcomSoft with violating a 1998 Digital Millennium Copyright Act. "The Digital Millennium Copyright Act of 1998 (DMCA) was the foundation of an effort by Congress to implement United States treaty obligations and to move the nation's copyright law into the digital age... Key among the topics included in the DMCA are provisions concerning the circumvention of copyright protection systems, fair use in a digital environment, and online service provider (OSP) liability (including details on safe harbors, damages, and "notice and takedown" practices). Resources on these and other topics are included below." 2. (note: while I was opening an Adobe PDF format document with DMCA, my computer froze twice, causing me to loose most of my essay). FBI agents arrested Sklyarov on July 17, 2001 after his presentation and charged with distributing a product designed to circumvent copyright protection measures (the AEBPR) (www.freesklyarov.org). He was booked in jail and then released on $50,000 bail, but was not allowed to go back to his family in Russia, or leave United States for that matter.

Deep Ecology

Whether its watching a whale Jump up in the air and seeing him crashing back into the water, or looking at all of the trees leafs changing colors in the fall time; nature is a beautiful thing. In the past, traditional Native Americans once cared about the land. The grass, trees, rocks, and everything else had value. Nowadays most people are moving away from these ideas and moving towards a capitalist mindset, only caring about their own personal gain. Deep ecology is defined as â€Å"an environmental movement and philosophy that regards human life as Just one of many equal components of a global cosystem† (Google).Arne Naess was a Norwegian philosopher who coined the term Deep Ecology. It may seem very similar to traditional Native American thought, but there are a few differences. In traditional Native American thought, they believe that everything is sacred, has value, and is alive. Deep ecologists do not feel the same way, they believe objects hold value but not all things are living. For example, if you were to pick up a rock and show it to a deep ecologist, he or she would say that the rock is not living. According to traditional Native American thought, they would say hat the rock is valuable, living and is sacred (Professor Bill Weiss).Arne Naess and George Sessions created the eight principles of deep ecology. They are the eight principles that all deep ecologists follow. The fifth principle states, present human interference with the nonhuman world is excessive, and the situation is rapidly worsening (The Anarchist Library). For example, 137 species of animals are becoming extinct each day, which adds up to 50,005 species disappearing every year, because of deforestation (Oocities). If we don't start doing something about this issue he world's animal population will become extinct, and that's only from deforestation.That doesn't include all the garbage and chemicals that we are dumping on the earth. Those also have an effect on animals all acros s the world. And soon this will start to effect the human population. People will start to become sick and they won't have anything to eat because animals across the world were killed off or become extinct, and the vegetables you want to eat won't be edible because the chemicals that were dumped on the earth reached the plants you want to eat and ontaminated them. This could potentially lead to the human population becoming extinct.I'm not saying this is going to actually happen or be an immediate result of our actions but this is what the world is coming to. The companies are the indirect problem in this issue. It's the population's demand that keeps these companies going which makes us the direct source to the problem. Almost everyone is caught up in the capitalist mentality, only caring about themselves and seeing how much money they can make. And when that happens they go out and buy more products which ave negatively affected the environment.

College Should Be A Training Base For High School Degree

My dad always said, the higher education changes his life trail. When he was in high school he’s grade was dragged by English, although he was good at sciences, his GPA was debased. My grandparents urged him to find a job after he graduated high school immediately, but he thought he should master a specific professional skill to apply for a better occupation in the future. He didn’t listen to my grandparents, he attended to an entrance examination of a medical university and became a dentist after he graduated from university. He firmly believed that if he didn’t go to the college, he would still work in a factory or became a farmer like his parent. College should be a training base for the students who have the demand of acquiring higher†¦show more content†¦Their employers still choose college grads over non-college grads on the assumption that more education is better than less† (Reich). In addition, two professors of sociology at the CUNY---Pau l Attewell and David E. Lavin offered a finding of the income disparity of the sample between college goers and high school grads shows: â€Å"On average, the C or worse students who attend community college were earning between 13 percent and 15 percent more than their counterparts who only finished high school† (Attewell and Lavin). The descriptions from above scholars have a similar point; the employment trend of the labor market defines that college grads have more advantages than the high school grads when they apply for a job, they are in an ascendant position in the employment competition. College grads obtain higher economic benefit than high school grads. In addition, the college grads have more choices on occupation field than the students who are in a lower education degree. The students who graduate from colleges have the basic liberal art knowledges to learn theoretical basis of another new career. They are easier to achieve the goal if they intend to attempt other occupations. 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